}UHPLJ}
<a>Equine Infectious Anemia Virus</a>:
Equine Infectious Anemia Virus (EIAV), Equine Lentivirus
Equine Infectious Anemia Virus
To return to the IALA Homepage:
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This file contains the EIAV information for the IALA Homepage.
The first component of this file will be a summary of
information about EIAV written in more-or-less lay terminology.
The second component will be a more defined description of the
effects of EIAV on horses - information which has been produced
byexperimental and field-type investigations. The third
component will be a set of published literature citations on
various aspects of the virus infection and disease process. More
extensive searchs of Med-line or other publication listing
services are recommended.
Part one: Equine Infectious Anemia Virus (EIAV) is a recognized
pathogen of the equine species. This virus causes disease and
death and is causally related to severe anemia and episodes of
illness with fever. The disease has the common name of "swamp
fever" gained probably because of the transmission by biting
insects, particularly Tabanids, species of horseflies and a
higher prevalence (historically) in low-lying, marshy areas. The
persistent disease is associated with the production of
antibodies which form complexes with the virus in the blood and
these complexes attach to erythrocytes and damage them, causing
their removal by the spleen. These antibodies also serve as
indicators for the diagnostic test, which is the Coggins test.
This test is a required test for most situations requiring health
certificates. Details of these requirements should be obtained
from accredited veterinary practitioners or state regulatory
veterinarians.
The disease is characterized (briefly) by multiple
episodes of anemia produced by a complex pathogenesis involving
antibody complexes and damage to red blood cells, often over a
period of months or years, eventually ending in the death of the
horse. More details will be added soon.
Part two:
Part three:
SELECTED REFERENCES FOR EIAV
73
Clements JE and Zink MC. Molecular biology and pathogenesis of
animal lentivirus infections. Clin Microbiol Rev 9:100-117, 1996
Egberink H and Horzinek MC. Animal immunodeficiency viruses.
Vet Microbiol 33:311-331, 1992
Hawkins JA, Adams WV, Wilson BH, Issel CJ, and Roth EE:
Transmission of Equine infectious anemia virus by Tabanus
fuscicostatus. J Am Vet Med Assoc 168:63-64, 1976
Issel CJ, and Foil LD: Studies of equine infectious anemia virus
transmission by insects. J Am Vet Med Assoc 184:293-297, 1984
Jones TC, Hunt RD, and King NW. VETERINARY PATHOLOGY, Williams &
Wilkins Co. Baltimore, 1997, pp 334-338
Kemen MJ and Coggins L: Equine infectious anemia transmission
from infected mares to foals. J Am Vet Med Assoc 161:496-499,
1972
Montelaro RC and Bolognesi DP. Vaccines against retroviruses.
IN:The Retroviridiae, Vol 4, Chap 8, Levy, JA, ED, Plenum Pub, NY
pp 605-656, 1995
Newman MJ, Issel CJ, Truax RE, Powell MD, Horohov DW, and
Montelaro RC. Transient suppression of equine immune responses
by equine infectious anemia virus (EIAV). Virol 184:55-66, 1991
If a correction is needed - please e-mail to RS
If an addition is suggested - please e-mail to RS
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LAST REVISION:12/23/97
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